The partial remains of a skeleton belonging to a small female hominid who lived between 95K and 17Kya, were found in Liang Bua Cave on the island of Flores in Indonesia in 2003 This skeleton has unique traits. He has a small body, approximately 3'6" long and an estimated body weight of 66 pounds. The brain capacity of 426 cc led scientists to classify the skeleton of a new species which they called Homo floresiensis. Since the initial discovery, teeth and bones of as many as twelve H. floresiensis remains have been discovered in Liang Bua Cave, which is the only known site where H. floresiensis has been found to date. This is the most recently discovered early human species so far. They had large teeth for their small size, had no chin, a receding forehead, and had relatively large feet in proportion to their short legs. Although small in body and brain, H. floresiensis made and used stone tools. They hunted small elephants and large rodents. They had island predators such as giant Komodo dragons and may even have used fire. However, increasing discussions in the anthropological community and scientific world question whether the current nickname: "Hobbit", from the island of Flores, is the same species as modern humans. Are they Homo species or Homo sapiens with the medical condition called cretinism? Severe hypothyroidism that causes stunted physical and mental growth. Evidence to support this is reported in an article in Nature, Peter Brown of the University of New England in Armidale, Australia, “analyzed the traits of H. floresiensis such as brain mass, skeletal proportions and tooth development, comparing them with those of people suffering from cretinism". Brown No signs of retarded growth were found associated with cretins... center of paper... rats, dwarf elephants known as Stegodon and Komodo dragons showing evidence of food preparation and cooking. Works Cited Allen, John S. and Susan C. Anton. “Chapter 13 Emergence, Dispersal, and Bioarchaeology of H. sapiens.” Pearson's Personalized Anthropology. By Craig Stanford. Boston: Pearson Learning Solutions, 2013. Over 200. Print." Fission-track ages of stone tools and fossils on Flores Island, eastern Indonesia." Nature.com. Natura Publishing Group, nd Web. 19 November 2013. "Human Evolution: Hobbit Small, But Not Stunted." Nature 482.7384 (2012): 135. Premier academic research. Network. November 19, 2013. "H. Floresiensis." Human evolution from the Smithsonian Institution's Human Origins program. Np, 19 November 2013. Web. 19 November. 2013. .