Research findings on both the benefits and limitations of the DAP test This document focuses on the research information of the Draw A Person (DAP) test in its original form human figure drawing for children created by Florence Goodenough, its limitations and its current form of functioning as today's DAP test. The DAP is typically used to identify cognitive strengths and limitations among primary-aged youth through evaluation of the drawn human figure. However, there is evidence to suggest that DAP may provide therapeutic benefits in other functional areas. Florence Goodenough first published findings in 1926 that revealed that children's drawings of a man could be correlated with their level of intelligence. Goodenough spoke of the task of drawing a human figure as “useful in the analysis of specific mental functions and in the study of the development of conceptual thinking during early childhood” (Goodenough, 1926). Although the Goodenough Draw-a-Man Test has been established as a good measure of nonverbal cognitive abilities, there are elements of this test that suggest:1. To increase the validity of the test, it may be necessary to use it in conjunction with other means of measurement.2. Lower socioeconomic status and/or limited access to structured programs have a significant effect on the score obtained.3. Score criteria and interpretation can be designed and used depending on the purpose and field of study. The research this article focuses on covers these three issues. Goodenough-Harris Draw-a-Person test valid? The Goodenough-Harris Draw-a -Personal test has been criticized by some as outdated and the scoring instructions have been found to be laborious and imprecise... middle of paper... as a measure of intelligence: The comparative validity of three systems of score. Journal of Psychoeducational Evaluation. 2001. Pg 19.Ayres, AJ & Reid, W. Self-drawing as an expression of perceptual motor function. Bark 1966; pg 254Goodenough, FL Measuring intelligence using drawings. Chicago, Illinois: World Book Company: 1926, pg.13Litterick-Briggs, A. & Broadley, G. Smart begins with PMP: implementation, management, and evaluation. Teaching and Learning 2005; pg.21.Naglieri, JA Draw-A-Person-A quantitative scoring system. San Antonio, Tx: The Psychological Corporation. Oakland, T. & Dowling, L. The Draw-A-Person Test: Validity properties for unbiased assessment. Learning Disabilities Quarterly 1983; pg 6Offman, H.J. & Bradley, S.J. Child and adolescent body image and its measurement: An overview. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. 1992; 37:6.
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