Note that it began in the earliest prehistory, education has evolved to become an important aspect of society. There was a time when adults trained the youth of their society with the knowledge and skills needed to master them and ultimately pass them on to future generations. In pre-literate societies, the beginning of education was orally and through imitation, but as knowledge grew beyond skills requiring more effective teaching methods, formal education developed. Globally, the vision of intellectuals such as Plato and Confucius became the foundation of education, and the creation of schools was widespread during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. In the United States, however, the development of education and schools only occurred after the American Revolution, especially during the Cold War era. As a result of the arms race between the Soviet Union and the United States, the Cold War climate promoted not only competition between academic institutions, but also a shift in ideas about the education system and its role in society, ultimately leading to the manipulation of education through social engineering while Sputnik instilled fear of a missile gap. In the 17th century, the first American schools opened in all thirteen original colonies. Although education varied considerably, colonists sought to educate by upholding both English values ​​and the traditions of family, church, community, and apprenticeship (Cremin 113-114). Becoming the foundation of education, Puritans valued education for religious study and economic success. Education depended on the social status of the individual, especially because lessons were given within the family. In fact, parents were assumed to know the basics of both… halfway through… or to write books and articles about the role democracy should play in education. Furthermore, he believed that schools were not only a place to gain knowledge, but also a place to figure out how to live. This then led him to conclude that the purpose of education was not entirely the acquisition of a set of skills, but rather the ability to use those skills to achieve success and realize one's full potential. Dewey insisted that education and schooling are instrumental in creating social change and reform. While some critics assumed that Dewey's system would prevent students from learning basic academic skills and knowledge, others believed that classroom order and the teacher as an authority figure would disappear. However, Dewey looked beyond the authoritarian learning style and wanted students to invest in what they were learning (Dewey 6-12).