A brief definition of neo-Kantianism is a philosophy that derives from that of Kantian ethics. “The neo-Kantians thought they were reviving, defending and extending Kant's philosophy. They consciously adopted Kant's vocabulary and some of his key ideas and arguments." Some thinkers of this school of thought vary from Schopenhauer, Mach and Foucault to name a few. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay Neo-Kantians not only substantiate and exclusively support Kant's idealism and opposition to utilitarianism, but also project their own views within his terminology. This school of thought was very popular in Germany from the 1870s until the First World War. After Kant's death, his philosophies were swept away by the then ongoing debates on idealism-materialism that dominated intellectual fields, however during the late 1860s neo-Kantianism made its first appearance once in Kant und die Epigonen (1865) by Otto Liebmann. marked the beginning of a new movement. He criticized the followers of Fichte, Hegel and Schelling, followed by the German philosophy department, for "their lack of thorough adaptation of Kant's system construction", this, combined with the void left by Hegelian decline, gave rise to the numerous works that sought to move away from idealist-materialist arguments by reviving the foundations of Kantian transcendental deduction. They maintained “transcendental realism in the spirit of a general epistemological critique of speculative philosophy,” essentially returning to Kant and grounding the nuances of his ideals and purposes, moral psychology, and epistemology to shape the coming years of the German philosophical schools that in La Its turning point also influenced the sciences and the arts. Stalinism refers to the policies and regime of Josef Stalin, leader of the Soviet socialist state from 1929 to 1953, characterized by totalitarian rule and a regime of terror. Stalinist policies were devoid of rhetoric thinking and trying to deal with problems, revolutions, etc., with a practical approach. Just like his predecessor Lenin he believed that a viable class world could exist within Soviet borders and therefore his policies appealed to both socialist revolutionaries and Russian nationalists. With absolute control of power and the sectarian spread of his popularity as the “infallible heir” to codify Lenin's vision, Stalin's doctrine of “socialism in one state” led to the collectivization of several industries, chief among which was l 'agriculture. The Marxist utopia of a classless society could only be maintained with absolute control and therefore labeled anyone who was against the party's ideology as traitors who were executed, many of these included the old Bolsheviks who started the Revolution and many others sent to “forced labor”. fields” established as an integral part of the economy. The spread of this regime across much of Europe made it a far-reaching ideology in most socialist states. These cultural policies of Stalinism eventually found themselves manifesting themselves in diverse areas such as art, architecture and design as well. Please note: this is just an example. Get a custom paper from our expert writers now. Get a Custom Essay The Almost Parallel Existence of Neo -Kantian Aesthetics and the Cultural Politics of Stalinism; both with their individual ideologies of realism and epistemology and that of the practical and progressive working class approach, and given their far-reaching influence in the realm of art and design.