Quantum computing is the area of ​​study focused on the development and development of computing technologies based on quantum theory. Quantum theory is a theory that explains the nature and behavior of energy and matter at the quantum (atomic and subatomic) level. Over time computers have become smaller and increased in power, the problem with this improvement process is that it meets physical limitations (computer parts are approaching the size of an atom). Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay The computer consists of the main memory, the arithmetic unit and the control unit; data representation, data processing and control mechanisms. Additionally, computer chips contain modules that contain logic gates, which contain transistors. A transistor is the simplest form of a data processor in a computer, it is essentially a switch that can essentially open or block the wave of information passing through. This information is made up of "bits"; digits 0 or 1. As devices get smaller and smaller, quantum physics makes things complicated. Metaphorically, a transistor is a bit like an electrical switch. In this metaphor, electricity would be represented by electrons moving from one place to another. Since transistors become only a few atoms large, there is the possibility that electrons could transfer to the other side via quantum tunneling. This is a challenge that can be solved with quantum physics. To solve this problem, scientists are trying to use quantum properties to their advantage by building quantum computers. Another aspect of quantum computing is its qubits. In a traditional computer, the smallest unit of information is a "bit". In a quantum computer, bits are replaced with qubits. Qubits are different from bits because they are set to 1 of 2 values ​​(1 or 0). In the quantum world, the qubit does not necessarily have to be in just one of the states, it can be in any proportion of both states at the same time. This is called overlap. As long as the qubit is not observed, it is in a superposition of probabilities 0 and 1, and its value (1 or 0) is unpredictable. However, when you measure it, it collapses into one of the defined states (0 or 1). Overlaying is a radical change that has many benefits. For classic bits, they can be in 1 of 2 to the power of 4 different configurations at a time. There are 16 possible combinations, of which you can only use one. For superposition qubits, it can be in all 16 combinations at once. This number grows exponentially with each qubit. 20 of them can already store over a million values ​​in parallel. Another aspect of quantum computing is entanglement. A tight connection that causes each of the qubits to react instantly to a change in the other state, regardless of the distance between them. This means that when you measure just 1 entangled qubit, you can also directly infer the properties of its partners without specifically observing the other qubit. Please note: this is just an example. Get a custom paper from our expert writers now. Get a Custom Essay Manipulation of qubits is an additional aspect of quantum computing. A normal logic gate has a simple set of inputs and produces a defined output. A quantum gate manipulates a superposition input that rotates the probabilities and produces another superposition as an output. Works Cited Preskill, J. (2018). Quantum computing in the NISQ era e,, 2(1), 1-14.