Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health concern today. The Center for Disease and Control (2010) reported that 1.7 million people suffer a head injury each year). Additionally, TBI accounts for one-third (30.5%) of all injury-related deaths in the United States. Those most likely to suffer a TBI are children (0-4 years), older adolescents (15-19 years), and older adults (65+ years) (CDC, 2010). This analysis will examine the prevalence, diagnosis, treatments, and prognosis of traumatic brain injury in children. Brain injuries can be classified into mild, moderate and severe categories. The most commonly used assessment to classify the severity of head injury is using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). This scale evaluates the individual's level of consciousness based on verbal, motor and ocular responses to stimuli. Researchers Kung et al (2010) analyzed components of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) from 27,625 TBI cases in Taiwan. The correlation between survival rate and some combinations of ocular (E), motor (M), and verbal (V) scores for GCS (scores of 6, 11, 12, and 13) was statistically significant. The results indicate that the three basic elements that make up the Glasgow Coma Scale (E, M and V) separately and in some combinations predict the survival of patients with head trauma. The researchers say this observation is clinically useful when a full GCS score cannot be obtained when evaluating TBI patients. Confirmatory neuroimaging scans play a critical role in diagnosis, prognosis, and deciding which treatments to administer. CT is the preferred evaluation method upon admission to determine structural damage and to detect (developing) intracranial hematomas (Maas, Stocchetti, Bullock, 2008)..... middle of paper .. ...., Injury, Volume 42, number 9, September 2011, pages 940-944, ISSN 0020-1383, 10.1016/j.injury.2010.09.019.(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article /pii/S0020138310006741)Tawfeeq, Mohammed M Halawani, Khulood Al-Faridi, Wa'el AAL-Shaya, Wa'el S Taha, Traumatic brain injury: neuroprotective anesthetic techniques, an update, Injury, volume 40, supplement 4, November 2009 , pages S75-S81, ISSN 0020-1383, 10.1016/j.injury.2009.10.040.(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020138309005609) Yeates, Armstrong, Janusz, Taylor, Wade, Stancin, Drotar, Long-term attention problems in children with traumatic brain injury, Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, volume 44, number 6, June 2005, pages 574-584, ISSN 0890-8567, 10.1097/01 .chi.0000159947.50523.64.(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890856709616336)