Urban environmental problems of the city of Banjul, the public health challenges and where the solution lies. - By Abdoukarim Sanneh The spatial and land use planning of Banjul City dates back to the colonial era and this led to the genesis of the land office now known as the Department of Physical Planning in the Colonial Protectorate Area. The development planning of Banjul city with the introduction of streets and their names, sewerage and drainage facilities, electricity, water pipes, etc., was the beginning of urban and rural planning in the country. The Gambia Planning Laws are the extension of the English Town and County Planning Legislation 1948 to the colonies. Each legal instrument incorporated into this legislation determines modern geographic spatial planning limited to implementation and development control only. With the shortage of skilled labor and the lack of local democracy and decentralization, there is no consultative participation of citizens in land use designation and democratic planning decision-making. The urban planning of the city at that time adapted to the development challenges of that time. For many years Banjul has been an attractive place to go, study and work, but suddenly this unique environment is degrading beyond our perception. What's the problem? What are the environmental and public health challenges facing the urban landscape of Banjul and Gambia? There are many factors that are the cause and result of the abandonment of the capital Banjul, but the purpose of this article is to examine the lenses of the nexus between urban environmental degeneration and environmental health and sanitation. Banjul, like many islands and island cities, are confronting the challenges of global environmental change. Mitigate and reduce the incidence of pollution. For example, in the UK, the legal basis of the Environment Act 1990 and the Water Resource Act 1985 is structured such that legal liability for enforcement of pollution incidence is knowingly caused or polluted by material in the water system causing. For The Gambia our environmental legislation on water pollution or release of pollutants into the environment is not born or is in its infancy stage even with our armies of highly educated legal experts. This can be seen through years of releasing untreated wastewater into the river estuary at the Bund Road Ponder Station. The use of Gambia's natural environment plays an important role in our social and economic development challenges and in essence we must put in place laws and standardize regulations for its rational use and management in the interest of sustainability.