Millions of tons of waste are dumped every day around the world; most are thrown into landfills or discharged into rivers and seas without any preventive treatment. However, as demand for waste disposal capacity increases, the availability of suitable sites decreases. Waste has become a critical problem for industrial society, particularly in large cities and densely populated areas. Therefore, the need to avoid or reduce waste and recycle it will become an extremely important political and economic issue. However, disposal capacities will continue to decline despite the reduction in the volumes of waste produced. For this reason it is necessary to coordinate and optimize waste management. One of these options is incineration. Emissions from incinerators can be generalized into the following four categories: (1) particulate emissions; (2) gaseous emissions, such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrochloric acid (HCl); (3) metals; and (4) miscellaneous gas emissions. Emitted gases such as SO2, HCl and NO2 contribute strongly to acid rain and smog and to the photochemical formation of ozone in smog exposed to sunlight. SO2, NO2 and ozone have been shown to cause respiratory diseases and smog causes an increased mortality rate [1]. Various technologies have been studied to remove SO2 in exhaust gases. Dry and wet processes are commonly used. The dry process is superior to the wet process in terms of (1) inexpensive, (2) easy handling, and (3) no production of liquid waste. One of the processes in the dry process category is the baghouse reactor which uses Ca(OH)2 as the sorbent. However, this process has limitations, namely low sorbent conversion and low gas separation efficiency [2]. To improve gas efficiency… half of paper… (calcination temperature = 800°C) Figure 8 SEM micrographs of Ca(OH)2/DE sorbents: (a) DE and (b) Ca(OH )2/DE = 70:30Figures 7 and 8 show that the total porosity of the Ca(OH)2 sorbent is lower than that of the Ca(OH)2/DE4 sorbent. Conclusion From the discussion of the results of this study it can be concluded that the temperature, stirrer speed and reaction time have an important role on the conversion of the reaction between SiO2 with Ca(OH)2. The reaction temperature of 65oC produces the highest conversion, so it can be concluded that the reaction temperature is optimal at 65oC for the reaction between Ca(OH)2 with SiO2. The results also showed that the conversion reaches a constant at the reaction time of 20 minutes. The adsorption capacity of Ca(OH)2/DE adsorbent on methylene blue is greater than the adsorption capacity of Ca(OH)2 adsorbent alone.
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