Cloning is vital in American society because it will help us deepen our knowledge in the field of genetics. Furthermore, cloning will help us understand how much scientists can actually accomplish by knowing how to clone. Scientists managed to clone an animal in 1997. This achievement made all scientists' theories about cloning possible. It gave scientists hope that one day maybe they will be able to clone a human because they were able to clone a mammal. Eugenics is also vital to American society. Eugenics is the practice of improving the genetic quality of the human population as a whole. Cloning plays a huge role in science. It's about genetics, DNA, and what humans can do to further our knowledge of human anatomy. Not all people agree with cloning and eugenics like some scientists do, which causes a lot of controversy. Spearmann thought of cloning as a way to study cell differentiation. Briggs and King used the nuclear transfer technique on amphibians and it was successful (Campbell). “John Gurdon subsequently demonstrated the potential to reprogram differentiated cells to produce Xenopus adults using epithelial cells from the developing tadpole intestine as nuclear donors,” says Alberio Campbell. Unfortunately, subsequent studies showed that this method of cloning tadpoles did not allow them to develop to the adult life stage (Campbell). “The use of metaphase II enucleated oocytes as recipient cytoplasts proved more effective and led to the production of live lambs in 1986 using blastomeres of 8- to 16-cell stage embryos as nuclear donors,” says Campbell. This success in sheep has also been used on other mammals such as cattle and pigs. There were limitations to the technology. First, the "frequency development was very low"... middle of paper... cause." United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. United States Holocaust Memorial Council, June 10, 2013. Web. 7 April 2014. Ricci, Mariella Lombardi. “Assisted Reproduction and Its Relationship to Genetics and Eugenics.” Riddle, James A. “Brave New Beef: Animal Cloning and Its Impacts.” Brown Journal Of World Affairs 14.1 (2007): 111-119. Academic research completed. Web. March 21, 2014. United States Departments of Administration, Cultural Resources, and Health and Human Services Executive Order 83. Governor's Task Force to Determine Committee Victim Compensation Method North Carolina Eugenics, August 2011. Web, April 7, 2014. Wade, Nicholas. The New York Times, October 13, 2013. Web. March 21. 2014.