Symbolism is a literary device used by authors to give deeper levels of meaning to objects and better demonstrate theme. Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, is a popular novel considered by many to be a “classic”. Golding's literary work contains many examples of symbolism to help readers better understand the novel's themes. Three such cases are the shell, the fire, and the sow's head which was placed on a pole. Through closer study of the novel, it is evident that each of these objects holds a deeper meaning that leads to the overall theme of the fall of humanity. The conch is the first to be introduced in the novel when Ralph sees it and picks it up. . He immediately becomes the symbol of stable civilization and order on the island. “'...We can't let everyone talk at the same time. We'll have to say 'Hands up like in school'” (Golding 31). Ralph connects the conch to rules and school, something that, as British school children, they are familiar with. Jack also initially shows respect for the idea of ​​rules. “He placed the shell with great care in the grass at his feet.” (Golding 140). Even though he has just embarrassed himself profusely, he places the shell in the grass carefully rather than doing anything that might damage it. [Longer explanation] The shell also symbolizes the relationship between the boys. When he is first found at the beginning of the novel he is pink. It then begins to fade from pink to white. “The group of boys looked at the white shell with affectionate respect.” (Golding 155-156). This quote refers to Ralph, Piggy, Sam and Eric. At this point in the novel the boys are clearly divided, with Jack and his "savages" on one side, and the little gro...... in the center of the card...... Ralph's "sacrifice", but on this point recognizes it for what it is. Another significant fact is that the pig was a sow, making her the only female presence mentioned on the island, other than Piggy's aunt. A rather gentle creature, probably a mother, is transformed into a symbol of evil and ferocity. “Roger found purchase for his point and began to push until he had all his weight on it…Roger began to withdraw the spear and the boys noticed for the first time…'Up your ass!'” (Golding ) . Without any influence of civilization, the boys, in their most savage and animalistic state, are committing acts of extreme brutality. Next, they leave the pig's head mounted on a stick in the ground as a "sacrifice" to the Beast, as if they were honoring him.[conclusion]Works CitedGolding, William. Lord of the Flies. London: Faber and Faber Limited, 1954.