Topic > Using Guava Leaves as a Biosorbent for Waste...

IntroductionNowadays, industrial activity in the world has grown very rapidly. In addition to inducing positive impacts, the growth of industry also generates a new problem for the environment and therefore we must seek effective and efficient ways of managing negative impacts such as waste. An example of pollution due to industrial waste is that caused by waste containing dissolved heavy metals. Waste with a high content of heavy metals could be dangerous pollutants. One of the harmful heavy metals is chromium. The chromium contained in waste usually has a valence of three (Cr3+) and a valence of six (Cr6+). Heavy metals such as chromium waste derived from the metal plating (electroplating) industry, paint/pigment industry and tanning industries. Chromium(VI) waste is of concern due to its carcinogenic properties. It is interesting to note that only Cr(VI) is carcinogenic, while Cr(III) is not (Mariana, et al, 2006). The toxicity level of Cr(III) is only about 1/100 that of Cr(VI). Some Cr(VI) waste management methods have been conducted through chemical reduction and ion exchange (Slamet et al. 2003). In general, the methods used for Cr(VI) waste management require high costs and long processes. There are other alternatives for the removal of chromium from industrial waste by the adsorption method using biomaterials. This method is very promising for the treatment of industrial waste, especially because it is economical and has a high absorption capacity. Some examples of research conducted using biomaterials as a biosorbent to absorb Cr(III) using marine algae (Sudiarta, 2009), the use of peanut shell as a biosorbent for the reactive dye of Cibacron Red (Aprilia S, 2009), ion absorption copper using chitose...... half the paper...... mg/L. Figure 3 shows the relationship between temperature and Cr(VI) adsorption capacity. At temperatures of 35 ºC and 50 ºC, contact time of 120 minutes and concentration of 50 mg/l, the adsorption capacity was obtained up to 1.5256 and 1.6752 mg/g, respectively. Based on these data it can be seen that the higher the applied temperature the greater the absorption capacity. This is probably because the empty pores in the adsorbent will become larger. Therefore, if it is used to adsorb the adsorbate at the same temperature, the adsorption capacity increases. Conclusions The optimal adsorption process of Cr6+ metal with an adsorbent dose of 1 g and a contact time of 60 minutes was obtained at a concentration of 50 mg/L and a temperature of 50º C. The best adsorption process of Cr metal ions (VI) using guava leaves was obtained with a contact time of 30 minutes.