Fox, A. B. , Rosen, J., & Crawford, M. (2009). Distractions, distractions: Does instant messaging affect college students' performance on a concurrent reading comprehension task? Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 12(1), 51-53. doi: 10.1089/cpb.2008.0107 This peer-reviewed academic article from Cyberpsychology and Behavior argues that multitasking is increasing the number of people texting while learning negatively affects students' GPA. The article discusses that instant messaging could affect students' learning performance in school. Texting while learning affects memory or performance on the main task. The psychologist examines whether multitasking conversely affects the student's learning ability. Participants must read two passages, one easy and one difficult, and then answer the multiple-choice question as they write. The result is that participants who had a lower GPA were also more likely to report spending more time per day texting. influences recall and recognition memory. Most college students spend a significant amount of time engaged in intellectual activities such as studying, and many students likely study while socializing via instant messaging. College students who multitask in this way may be putting themselves at a disadvantage” (Fox, A.B., Rosen, J., & Crawford, M., 2009, p. 51). This source will be useful in the confirmation paragraph demonstrating that multitasking shows student learning effects. This supports the evidence that psychology has found a way to show everyone that it doesn't help others to spend so much time communicating with others while studying or doing... affects student learning. Zheng, Y. (2015). Encyclopedia of Cell Phone Behavior. Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference. According to the Encyclopedia of Mobile Phone Behavior, students who spend more time on their cell phones are more likely to miss information during class. significantly fewer notes (individuals who did not multitask with their cell phones wrote down 62+ pieces of information) and their notes were less detailed (Zheng, 2015, p. 88). Evidence shows readers that multitasking is disrupting student learning. This shows that students fail to pay full attention while multitasking, which students lose sight of. This information will help support my argument that multitasking has negative effects on student learning.