Unstable Angina: Unstable angina is a condition in which the heart does not receive enough blood flow and oxygen. It can lead to a heart attack. Causes Symptoms/Signs Differences Between Other Anginas Treatments Nursing Implications Coronary artery disease due to atherosclerosis is by far the most common cause of unstable angina. Atherosclerosis is the buildup of fatty material called plaque along the walls of your arteries. This causes the arteries to narrow and become less flexible. The narrowing stops blood flow to the heart, causing chest pain. Some of the risk factors are: diabetes, smoking, high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol. Male gender. Not getting enough exercise. Obesity and advanced age. Chest pain associated with UA is new onset, occurs at rest, or has a worsening pattern. Discomfort, weakness, nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, SOB, fatigue and hypotension. Patients with chronic stable angina may develop UA or be the first manifestation of CAD. Unlike chronic stable angina, UA is unpredictable and represents an emergency. nitroglycerin, morphine and oxygen behavioral reactions. Maintain continuous ECG monitoring while the patient is in the emergency room or intensive care unit. Frequent V/S assessments, check entry and exit at least once per shift. Assess lung and heart sounds and inspect for signs of early heart failure, e.g. tachycardia, dyspnea. pulmonary congestion, Assess the patient's saturation status, especially if the patient is receiving...... half of the document ...... Pain or discomfort: It may be more severe and last longer than others types of anginal pain. It can occur with shortness of breath, sleep problems, fatigue and lack of energy. It is often first noticed during routine daily activities and during times of mental stress. Statins, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, or low-dose aspirin), as well as treatment for angina and myocardial ischemia (with β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, nitrates, or ranolazine). Additional symptom management techniques may include tricyclic medications, enhanced external counterpulsation, hypnosis, and spinal cord stimulation. Medications administered as ordered. Assess vital signs. Monitor for potential side effects of medications. Educate the patient with a description of their cardiac syndrome X condition. Cardiac monitor to detect ST segment changes and/or arrhythmias.